Rainbowsappear in the form of a multicolored bow. When caused by water and sun, rainbows appear on the side of the sky that is directly opposite the sun. They can be full circles at times, but to the average observer, only the arc will be visible. The colors in a rainbow are those found in the color spectrum of white light as it divides.
A rainbow in the mountains of Thailand. It is commonly understood that a rainbow appears when sunny skies and raindrops combine, but what exactly is it about this combination that creates such vibrant colors in the sky? A rainbow forms as the result of the reflection and refraction of light. When sunlight enters a clear object, such as a prism or a raindrop, part of it is reflected while another part enters and is refracted. When sun hits a raindrop, its light is broken up into several difference colors. Rainbows are actually full circles - because we only see half of them, we process them as an arc. 3. Types of Rainbows There are many, many, many types of rainbows that exist. Here is a quick list of each type Rainbow Colorful arc that appears when it rains but the sun is shining opposite the observer. Secondary bow This bow usually appears outside the main bow, and is fainter after the light rays have escaped two whole reflections. In other words, the rainbow itself is being reflected in raindrops. The colors always appear in the opposite direction of a rainbow. Supernumeraries Closely spaced additional greenish purple arcs found inside even the violet color of the primary rainbow. These are formed by rays having different path lengths within each droplet. Red Bow Simply a rainbow seen at sunrise or sunset when light has to pass through the lower atmosphere, resulting in longer wavelengths of light. Rainbow Wheel A rainbow combined with crepuscular or in this case, anticrepuscular rays that converge on a point on the horizon. Dew Bow Fairly rare, these are created by dew drops on grass or in spider webs, and generally form a full halo. Dew bows are most commonly found in the autumn. Spray Bow A rainbow formed by the spray of a wave, waterfall, or geyser, and often a smaller arc than a normal bow. Glass Bead Bows These appear following the resurfacing of a road, and after that road dries. Because glass is more refractive, these bows are only half the size of rainbows. Twinned Bows A rare phenomenon where two rainbows seem to cross during heavy rainfall. There is no clear explanation for these yet, but the best theory seems to be that when heavy raindrops are flattened some by air resistance, they elongate, possibly producing both bows. Cloud Bows Also not very common, these bows are created without any actual rain, but instead small water droplets in the form of mist or damp air. . 2. Role In Religion And Mythology Since the dawn of civilization, the rainbow has been central to the folklore of many cultures. The Norse knew rainbows as Bifrost, a bridge that connected Earth to Asgard, the home of the Norse gods, and could only be accessed by gods and warriors killed in battle. In Hinduism, Indra was the god of thunder who used the rainbow to shoot arrows of lightning. Iris was the personified goddess of the rainbow in Ancient Greece. In Australian Aboriginal myth, the Rainbow Serpent is the creator of the world and everything on it. It was believed that during the dry season the Rainbow Serpent would retreat into a distant waterhole before finally returning for the rain. 1. How Common Are Rainbows? Seeing a rainbow is actually more rare than what is commonly led on. Even in a rainy place like England, there may be fewer than ten bright rainbows in a year. However, in locations that receive more rain, rainbows may be more common, since rainbows are merely caused by the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light inside water droplets into the full spectrum of light in the sky, often set against the backdrop of darker storm clouds, which in turn highlights the rain droplets directing and scattering light and so shining bright inside the rainbow arc. Rainbows are always observed opposite the sun with no exception. Home Environment How Are Rainbows Formed?
Arainbow is formed because white light enters the water droplet, where it bends in several different directions. When these bent light waves reach the other side of the water droplet, they reflect back out of the droplet instead of completely traversing the water. Since the white light is separated inside of the water, the refracted light
One of nature's most splendid masterpieces is the rainbow. A rainbow is an excellent demonstration of the dispersion of light and one more piece of evidence that visible light is composed of a spectrum of wavelengths, each associated with a distinct color. To view a rainbow, your back must be to the sun as you look at an approximately 40 degree angle above the ground into a region of the atmosphere with suspended droplets of water or even a light mist. Each individual droplet of water acts as a tiny prism that both disperses the light and reflects it back to your eye. As you sight into the sky, wavelengths of light associated with a specific color arrive at your eye from the collection of droplets. The net effect of the vast array of droplets is that a circular arc of ROYGBIV is seen across the sky. But just exactly how do the droplets of water disperse and reflect the light? And why does the pattern always appear as ROYGBIV from top to bottom? These are the questions that we will seek to understand on this page of The Physics Classroom Tutorial. To understand these questions, we will need to draw upon our understanding of refraction, internal reflection and dispersion. The Path of Light Through a Droplet A collection of suspended water droplets in the atmosphere serves as a refractor of light. The water represents a medium with a different optical density than the surrounding air. Light waves refract when they cross over the boundary from one medium to another. The decrease in speed upon entry of light into a water droplet causes a bending of the path of light towards the normal. And upon exiting the droplet, light speeds up and bends away from the normal. The droplet causes a deviation in the path of light as it enters and exits the drop. There are countless paths by which light rays from the sun can pass through a drop. Each path is characterized by this bending towards and away from the normal. One path of great significance in the discussion of rainbows is the path in which light refracts into the droplet, internally reflects, and then refracts out of the droplet. The diagram at the right depicts such a path. A light ray from the sun enters the droplet with a slight downward trajectory. Upon refracting twice and reflecting once, the light ray is dispersed and bent downward towards an observer on earth's surface. Other entry locations into the droplet may result in similar paths or even in light continuing through the droplet and out the opposite side without significant internal reflection. But for the entry location shown in the diagram at the right, there is an optimal concentration of light exiting the airborne droplet at an angle towards the ground. As in the case of the refraction of light through prisms with nonparallel sides, the refraction of light at two boundaries of the droplet results in the dispersion of light into a spectrum of colors. The shorter wavelength blue and violet light refract a slightly greater amount than the longer wavelength red light. Since the boundaries are not parallel to each other, the double refraction results in a distinct separation of the sunlight into its component colors. The angle of deviation between the incoming light rays from the sun and the refracted rays directed to the observer's eyes is approximately 42 degrees for the red light. Because of the tendency of shorter wavelength blue light to refract more than red light, its angle of deviation from the original sun rays is approximately 40 degrees. As shown in the diagram, the red light refracts out of the droplet at a steeper angle toward an observer on the ground. There are a multitude of paths by which the original ray can pass through a droplet and subsequently angle towards the ground. Some of the paths are dependent upon which part of the droplet the incident rays contact. Other paths are dependent upon the location of the sun in the sky and the subsequent trajectory of the incoming rays towards the droplet. Yet the greatest concentration of outgoing rays is found at these 40-42 degree angles of deviation. At these angles, the dispersed light is bright enough to result in a rainbow display in the sky. Now that we understand the path of light through an individual droplet, we can approach the topic of how the rainbow forms. The Formation of the Rainbow A rainbow is most often viewed as a circular arc in the sky. An observer on the ground observes a half-circle of color with red being the color perceived on the outside or top of the bow. Those who are fortunate enough to have seen a rainbow from an airplane in the sky may know that a rainbow can actually be a complete circle. Observers on the ground only view the top half of the circle since the bottom half of the circular arc is prevented by the presence of the ground and the rather obvious fact that suspended water droplets aren't present below ground. Yet observers in an airborne plane can often look both upward and downward to view the complete circular bow. The circle or half-circle results because there are a collection of suspended droplets in the atmosphere that are capable concentrating the dispersed light at angles of deviation of 40-42 degrees relative to the original path of light from the sun. These droplets actually form a circular arc, with each droplet within the arc dispersing light and reflecting it back towards the observer. Every droplet within the arc is refracting and dispersing the entire visible light spectrum ROYGBIV. As described above, the red light is refracted out of a droplet at steeper angles towards the ground than the blue light. Thus, when an observer sights at a steeper angle with respect to the ground, droplets of water within this line of sight are refracting the red light to the observer's eye. The blue light from these same droplets is directed at a less steep angle and is directed along a trajectory that passes over the observer's head. Thus, it is the red light that is seen when looking at the steeper angles relative to the ground. Similarly, when sighting at less steep angles, droplets of water within this line of sight are directing blue light to the observer's eye while the red light is directed downwards at a more steep angle towards the observer's feet. This discussion explains why it is the red light that is observed at the top and on the outer perimeter of a rainbow and the blue light that is observed on the bottom and the inner perimeter of the rainbow. Rainbows are not limited to the dispersion of light by raindrops. The splashing of water at the base of a waterfall caused a mist of water in the air that often results in the formation of rainbows. A backyard water sprinkler is another common source of a rainbow. Bright sunlight, suspended droplets of water and the proper angle of sighting are the three necessary components for viewing one of nature's most splendid masterpieces.
So we make our own rain droplets from the water spray. In the morning or afternoon, spray water under the sun, then see the water droplets flying. Spray lots of water and you will see a small rainbow that you can touch easily. Second, use pieces of video discs then reflected the light of the sun, and navigate to the wall or ceiling of your house.
A rainbow is a multicolored arc, or curved line, in the sky. Most rainbows form when the Sun’s rays strike raindrops falling from faraway rain clouds. Rainbows appear in the part of the sky opposite the Sun, usually in the early morning or late afternoon. From inside to outside, the colors of a rainbow are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and travels through space in the form of waves. Scientists use an idea called wavelength to describe these waves. Some light waves have long wavelengths, while others have short wavelengths. Light waves with different wavelengths appear as different colors. Usually all light waves blend together to form white light. But when light waves pass through raindrops, they separate. This happens because the raindrops bend light waves with different wavelengths by a different amount. The separated light waves appear as the colors of a brightest and most common type of rainbow is called a primary bow. Sometimes a fainter rainbow forms outside the primary bow. This is called a secondary bow or, sometimes, a double rainbow. A secondary bow forms when the light bends twice inside the water drops. The first bend makes the primary bow, and the second bend makes the secondary bow. The colors in the secondary bow appear in the opposite order of the colors in the primary bow.

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Kompasiana adalah platform blog. Konten ini menjadi tanggung jawab bloger dan tidak mewakili pandangan redaksi Kompas. How is Rainbow Formed?Rainbow is a natural phenomenon that is caused by the light refraction and reflections in the water drops, resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. A rainbow appears as a colorful arch. When they are caused by water and the sun, a rainbow shows up on the side of the sky that is directly facing the sun. They can become a complete loop at times, but for the average observers, only the arc will be seen. The colors in the rainbow will be the ones that can be found within the white light color spectrum as it divides. There are 7 main colors that you can see in the Rainbow which are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. When the sunlight touches the water droplets, 7 colors emerge. When sunlight moving from air to water, the light colors are slowed down to various speeds - depends on their frequency. As purple light enters the raindrops, it bends at a sharp angle. On the right side of the water droplet, some light is passed back into the air, while the rest bounces back. Raindrops higher in the sky scatter the light so that only red light is visible to the observer's eyes. Droplets between red and violet reflect different colors, so the observer sees the full spectrum of colors. Sunlight striking rain in the atmosphere is refracted at the surface of the raindrop and enters the droplet. After refraction occurs, the light breaks into seven colors inside the raindrop; it is then reflected to the other side of the raindrop after traveling inside it. When the light in the raindrop refracts, a spectrum is formed to make the 7 colors of the rainbow appear. During reflection, the angle reflection is equal to the angle of incidence; this means that the reflected light travels along a set path and maintains the difference in the angle of refraction. A rainbow is a set of raindrops suspended in the atmosphere that divides sunlight into 7 colors, like a prism. Lihat Ilmu Sosbud Selengkapnya
Presentationabout explanation text that explain How Rainbow is Formed. School: SMAN 2 NGAGLIKClass: XI IPS 1#explanationtext #explanation #rainbow
Textexplanation How Rainbow Formed 1. TEXT EXPLANATION MEMBER of THE GROUPS: 1. Abdul Malik (01) 2. Ayu Chayaningrum (04) 3. Moch. Devit B.A.S (22) 4. 2. How Rainbow is Formed ? 3. Rainbow is one of optic phenomena that happens in the atmosphere of the earth naturally. We can see it at . 245 7 105 226 89 303 367 199

how rainbow is formed explanation text